脉冲变压器工作原理及应用
脉冲变压器在某些应用中也称为触发变压器、栅极驱动变压器、栅极变压器、信号变压器（或）宽带变压器。这种变压器的主要功能是在绕组和负载之间传输电压脉冲。这些变压器用于电流隔离（信号传输）、低功率控制电路和大功率 SMPS 中使用的主要组件。通过使用这种变压器，可以改变电压脉冲的幅值；脉冲的极性可以反转，耦合脉冲放大器和隔离变压器中的不同级。
A pulse transformer is also known as trigger transformer, gate drive transformer, gate transformer, signal transformer (or) wideband transformer in some applications, a. The main function of this transformer is to transmit voltage pulses between windings and the load. These transformers are used for galvanic isolation (signal transmission), low-power control circuits, & the major components used in high-power SMPS. By using this transformer, amplitude in the voltage pulse can be changed; the polarity of the pulse can be inverted, coupling different stages in the pulse amplifier and an isolation transformer.
什么是脉冲变压器？
定义：通过增强以产生高速且振幅稳定的电脉冲的变压器称为脉冲变压器。在传输数字信息以及晶体管（主要是栅极驱动电路）中经常使用这些器件。
理想的变压器必须具有电流隔离和分布电容。对于电路保护，低耦合电容对电路的保护也很重要。
What is a Pulse Transformer?
Definition: A transformer that is enhanced to produce electrical pulses with high velocity, as well as stable amplitude, is known as a pulse transformer. These are regularly employed while transmitting digital information as well as in transistors, mainly in gate drive circuits.
The perfect transformer must have galvanic isolation and distributed capacitance. For the circuit protection, capacitance with low coupling is also vital to defend the circuit.
脉冲变压器的信号类型从补充逻辑驱动到传输线都有。这些变压器的工作功率阈值较小。有几个这样的变压器就像宽带变压器一样。对于数字数据传输类型的变压器，它们被增强以减少信号失真。
信号一致性和频率范围可以通过外部特征来确定，例如绕组间电容、每个绕组的单独电容以及电阻。
这些特性的负面影响将导致下降、过冲、回摆和下降时间以及上升受阻。因此，脉冲变压器的设计基于电感、工作频率、功率等级、额定电压、尺寸、频率范围、电阻和绕组电容。
Signal types of pulse transformers are range from complementing logic drives to transmission lines. These transformers work with lesser power thresholds. Several such transformers serve like wideband transformers. For digital data transmission types of transformers, they are enhanced to reduce signal distortions.
The signal conformity & frequency range can be determined through exterior features such as inter-winding capacitance, each winding individual capacitance and also resistance.
Negative effects of these features will result in droop, overshoot, backswing & fall time and deterred rise. So pulse transformers are designed based on inductance, operating frequency, power grades, voltage ratings, size, frequency range, resistance, and winding capacitance.
脉冲变压器的类型
这些变压器分为以下两种类型
1). 功率脉冲变压器
这些变压器将电压从功率级（一个电平/相位配置）更改为另一个。这些变压器的配置可分为单相或三相，并随绕组的连接方式而变化。
2). 信号脉冲变压器
这些变压器是一种脉冲变压器，利用电磁感应将一个电路的信息传输到另一个电路。它们通常用于提高或降低电力变压器中从一个表面到另一个表面的电压。通过使用信号变压器，实现了数字信号的转换。绕组匝数比决定了电压的改变。
这些变压器包含低损耗磁芯，设计用于在高频率下运行。通过设计绕组配置，可以减少绕组电容和漏感等寄生元件，从而增强耦合。
Types of Pulse Transformers
These transformers are classified into two types like the following
1). Power Pulse Transformer
These transformers change voltages from power-level (one level/phase configuration) to another. The configurations of these transformers are accessible in either 1-phase or 3-phase and vary with how the winding is connected.
2). Signal Pulse Transformer
These transformers are one kind of pulse transformers, uses electromagnetic induction for transmitting one circuit’s information to another. They are regularly used to raise or reduce the voltage in a power transformer from one surface to the other. By using signal transformers, the no. of windings turn ratio decides to modify in voltage.
These transformers contain low-loss cores, designed to run at high frequencies. Parasitic elements like winding capacitance & leakage inductance can be reduced by designing the winding configuration so that coupling can be enhanced.
性能规格
这些变压器主要包括如重复率、占空比、脉冲宽度、量程范围、I/O 电压、电流、频率等性能指标，以及长度 (L)、宽度 (W) 和高度 (H)等物理尺寸。
脉冲重复率的频率是标准编号。特定周期内每个时间单位的脉冲数。脉冲宽度是最初和最终实例之间的周期，即时振幅达到峰值脉冲振幅的特定分数。
Performance Specifications
These transformers mainly include performance specifications like repetition rate, duty cycle, pulse width, range, I/O voltage, current, frequency & physical dimensions like length (L), width (W) and height (H).
The frequency of pulse repetition rate is the standard no. of pulses for each unit of time in a particular period. Pulse width is the period between the primary and final instances that immediate amplitude achieves a particular fraction of peak pulse amplitude.
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