蝶阀执行器类型介绍（中英文）

蝶阀执行器决定使用哪个电源来操作阀门。这会影响阀门的响应时间、驱动压力额定值、环境适应性等。有时，选择合适的执行器取决于应用可用的电源。本文仔细研究了各种执行器类型，以便用户可以灵活选择哪种类型。阅读有关执行器类型的文章，了解不同执行器类型如何与工业阀门配合使用。

A butterfly valve actuator determines which power source is used to operate the valve. This impacts the valve's response time, actuation pressure rating, environmental suitability, and more. Sometimes selecting the proper actuator depends on the power source(s) available for the application. This article closely examines the various actuator types for users who have some flexibility in which type to get. Read our article on actuator types to learn how different actuator types work with industrial valves.

目录

Table of contents

什么是蝶阀？

What is a butterfly valve?

选择蝶阀执行器

Selecting a butterfly valve actuator

蝶阀执行器类型

Butterfly valve actuator types

工业阀门执行器标准

Standards for industrial valve actuators

执行器特定应用

Actuator specific applications

蝶阀符号

Butterfly valve symbols

常见问题解答

FAQs

什么是蝶阀？

What is a butterfly valve?

蝶阀是调节流经一段管道的流体的控制阀。该阀门在操作中类似于球阀，具有快速关闭功能。蝶阀有一个安装在旋转杆上的阀瓣。当阀门完全关闭时，阀瓣阻止流体流动。相反，当阀门完全打开时，阀瓣旋转四分之一圈，以允许几乎不受限制的流体流动。阀瓣位于完全关闭和完全打开之间的位置可实现比例流量特性。蝶阀因其简单、可靠和相对较低的成本而被广泛使用。

A butterfly valve is a control valve that regulates fluid flowing through a section of pipe. This valve is similar to a ball valve in operation, with a quick shut-off feature. A butterfly valve has a disc mounted to a rotating stem. When the valve is fully closed, the disc blocks the fluid flow. Conversely, when the valve is fully open, the disc is rotated a quarter turn to allow a nearly unrestricted fluid flow. The disc's position between fully closed and fully open allows for proportional flow characteristics. Butterfly valves are used for their simplicity, reliability, and relatively low cost.

选择蝶阀执行器

Selecting a butterfly valve actuator

为蝶阀选择正确的执行器类型取决于特定的系统组件和要求。蝶阀可以手动、电动、气动或液压驱动。

Selecting the correct type of actuator for a butterfly valve depends on specific system components and requirements. A butterfly valve can be actuated manually, electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically.

• 使用频率：手动蝶阀适用于比较小型、不经常启闭的蝶阀。对于较大尺寸的阀门将配备变速箱，以便用户可以手动启动。

• 成本：尽管根据阀门的型号和结构材料存在很大差异，但蝶阀按以下方式从最便宜到最昂贵

• 排序：手动、电动、气动和液压。气动和液压执行器需要压缩空气或液压系统，从而增加了初始成本。

• 阀门尺寸：大型蝶阀可能需要液压执行器才能产生足够的力来打开或关闭阀门。

• 系统压力：对于系统压力非常高的应用，可能需要液压驱动蝶阀。

• 响应时间：气动蝶阀对于需要的应用具有非常快的响应时间。

• 电源：手动蝶阀是唯一不需要外部电源的类型，使其成为安装和使用最简单的类型。

• 环境：电动蝶阀不适合潮湿或爆炸性环境。

• Frequency of use: Manually operated butterfly valves are suitable for relatively small butterfly valves that open and close infrequently. For larger sizes, the valves will come equipped with a gearbox so a user can actuate it manually.

• Cost: Although there is significant variability depending on the valve's model and construction material, butterfly valves order from least expensive to most expensive in the following way: manual, electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic. Pneumatic and hydraulic actuators require compressed air or a hydraulic system, increasing their initial costs.

• Valve size: A hydraulic actuator may be necessary for huge butterfly valves to produce enough force to open or close the valve.

• System pressure: Hydraulically actuated butterfly valves may be necessary for applications with very high system pressure.

• Response time: Pneumatically actuated butterfly valves have a very fast response time for applications that require it.

• Power source: Manual butterfly valves are the only type not requiring an external power source, making them the most straightforward type to install and use.

• Environment: Electrically actuated butterfly valves are unsuitable for moist or explosive environments.

蝶阀执行器类型

Butterfly valve actuator types

驱动蝶阀有四种主要方法：手动、电动、液压和气动。对于电动、液压和气动蝶阀，如果需要，通常还可以选择手动驱动方式供蝶阀使用。

There are four primary methods for actuating a butterfly valve: manually, electrically, hydraulically, and pneumatically. For electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic butterfly valves, there is often an option to also have a manual method of actuation for the butterfly valve to use if needed.

手动蝶阀

Manual butterfly valve

手动驱动是简单的驱动蝶阀方法。基本的设计使用杠杆来转动阀杆，从而旋转阀盘来打开或关闭阀门。较大的蝶阀可以有一个连接到变速箱的手轮。这是产生足够的力来手动打开或关闭阀门的较简单方法。手动驱动的主要好处是不需要外部电源。然而，由于用户需要打开或关闭阀门，因此这种致动方式对于需要频繁致动蝶阀的应用来说并不理想。

Manual actuation is the simplest way to actuate a butterfly valve. The most basic design uses a lever to turn the valve stem, which rotates the valve's disc to open or close the valve. Larger butterfly valves can have a handwheel that connects to a gearbox. This is the easiest way to generate enough force to manually open or close the valve. The primary benefit of manual actuation is that an external power source is not required. However, since a user needs to open or close the valve, this actuation style is not ideal for applications requiring frequent butterfly valve actuation.

电动蝶阀

Electric butterfly valve

电动执行器将电能转换成机械扭矩。该扭矩旋转阀杆以打开或关闭阀门。电动蝶阀用途广泛，因为它们可以编程以响应特定信号并且可以远程控制。电动执行器相对节能且易于维护。然而，它们不适合高湿度或爆炸性环境。

An electric actuator converts electrical energy into mechanical torque. This torque rotates the valve's stem to open or close the valve. Electrically actuated butterfly valves are versatile because they can be programmed to respond to specific signals and can be controlled remotely. Electric actuators are relatively energy efficient and simple to maintain. However, they are not suitable for high-moisture or explosive environments.

液压蝶阀

Hydraulic butterfly valve

蝶阀液压执行器利用流体压力产生机械力。液压泵对流体（通常是油）加压，从而移动气缸内的活塞。活塞运动传递到阀杆，打开或关闭阀门。液压执行器可以产生大量的力并操作大型阀门或高压应用中的阀门。然而，必要的液压动力单元和储液器增加了系统的复杂性和成本。

Butterfly valve hydraulic actuators use fluid pressure to create mechanical force. The hydraulic pump pressurizes the fluid, typically oil, which moves a piston inside the cylinder. The piston movement transfers to the valve's stem, opening or closing the valve. Hydraulic actuators can generate a large amount of force and operate large valves or valves in high-pressure applications. However, the necessary hydraulic power unit and fluid reservoir increases the system's complexity and cost.

气动蝶阀

Pneumatic butterfly valve

气动执行器利用气压产生机械运动。执行器中的压缩空气移动活塞或隔膜，从而旋转阀杆。带气动执行器的蝶阀动作快速、可靠。它们可以在危险环境中使用，因为它们不会产生火花。然而，需要压缩空气源，并且驱动速度比电动或液压执行器更难控制。

Pneumatic actuators create mechanical motion using air pressure. Pressurized air in the actuator moves a piston or diaphragm, which rotates the valve stem. Butterfly valves with pneumatic actuators are fast-acting, reliable. They can be used in hazardous environments because they do not create sparks. There is a need for a compressed air source, though, and the actuation speed is more difficult to control than that of electric or hydraulic actuators.

工业阀门执行器标准

Standards for industrial valve actuators

在为蝶阀选择执行器时，必须确保执行器符合国际社会制定的标准。不符合这些标准的阀门执行器存在过早损坏的风险，这可能会导致系统损坏并危及人员安全。工业阀门执行器的一些常见标准是：

When selecting an actuator for a butterfly valve, it's essential to ensure that the actuator meets standards set by the international community. Valve actuators that fail to meet these standards are at risk of premature breakage, which can cause damage to a system and endanger personnel. Some common standards for industrial valve actuators are:

• ISO 22153：ISO 22153 提供了工业阀门电动阀门执行器的基本要求。

• ISO 5211：ISO 5211 规定了部分回转阀门上使用的任何类型执行器的要求，部分回转阀门定义为阀杆旋转小于 360° 才能完全打开或关闭的阀门。该标准包括带或不带齿轮箱的执行器。

• BS EN 15714：该标准规定了用于部分阀门的任何气动执行器的要求。

• ISO 22153: ISO 22153 provides basic requirements for electric valve actuators for industrial valves.

• ISO 5211: ISO 5211 provides the requirements for any type of actuator used on a part-turn valve, defined as a valve with a stem that rotates less than 360° for the valve to open or close fully. This standard includes actuators with or without a gearbox.

• BS EN 15714: This standard provides requirements for any pneumatic actuator for a part-tun valve.

执行器特定应用

Actuator specific applications

以下示例是通常适合一种蝶阀驱动方法的应用。使用示例来帮助确定不同应用可能需要哪种类型的执行器。

The following examples are applications typically suitable to one type of butterfly valve actuation method. Use the examples to help determine which type of actuator a different application may require.

• 手动蝶阀：手动蝶阀适用于小型水处理厂。该阀门控制流经不同处理过程阶段的水流量。操作人员可以根据处理需要手动操作调节阀门并控制水流量。理想情况下，该阀门不会频繁调节。

• 电动蝶阀：电动蝶阀在商业建筑的大型暖通空调系统中工作得非常好。 HVAC 系统通常需要精确的气流控制以维持最佳的室内环境。建筑管理系统通常操作电动蝶阀来提供这种控制。系统根据温度和空气质量传感器反馈自动调节阀门。

• 气动蝶阀：气动蝶阀非常适合安全性至关重要的天然气加工厂。使用通过气压而不是电力操作的阀门可以降低可能导致爆炸的火花风险。

• 液压蝶阀：液压蝶阀在水力发电厂中工作良好。该阀门控制通向涡轮机的压力管道中的流量。这是一种高压应用，其他类型的执行器可能无法产生足够的力来工作。

• Manual butterfly valve: Manual butterfly valves work well in small-scale water treatment plants. The valve controls the flow of water through different treatment process stages. Operators can use manual operation to adjust the valve and control water flow depending on treatment needs. Ideally, this valve will not be adjusted frequently.

• Electric butterfly valve: Electric butterfly valves work very well in large-scale HVAC systems in commercial buildings. HVAC systems typically require precise airflow control to maintain the optimal indoor environment. The building management system typically operates the electric butterfly valve to provide this control. The system automatically adjusts the valve based on temperature and air quality sensor feedback.

• Pneumatic butterfly valve: Pneumatic butterfly valves work well in gas processing plants where safety is essential. Using a valve that operates via air pressure rather than electricity reduces the risk of sparks which can cause explosions.

• Hydraulic butterfly valve: Hydraulic butterfly valves work well in hydroelectric power plants. The valve controls flow in the penstock leading to the turbine. This is a high-pressure application that other actuator types likely could not produce enough force to work under.

蝶阀符号

Butterfly valve symbols

常见问题解答

FAQs

如何选择蝶阀执行器？

How do I choose an actuator for a butterfly valve?

根据可用动力源（例如手动、电动、气动和液压）和应用的设计元素选择蝶阀的执行器。

Choose a butterfly valve's actuator based on the available power source (e.g., manual, electric, pneumatic, and hydraulic) and the design elements of the application.

蝶阀的驱动方式有哪些不同类型？

What are the different types of butterfly valve actuation methods?

蝶阀可以手动、电动、气动或液压驱动。

A butterfly valve can be actuated manually, electrically, pneumatically, or hydraulically.